對標IPO,哪些農機企業(yè)能做大做強(中英雙語)(對標江浙鄉(xiāng)村振興典型經驗 對接優(yōu)秀特色產業(yè))
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2、對標江浙鄉(xiāng)村振興典型經驗 對接優(yōu)秀特色產業(yè)
3、對標約翰迪爾全球質量體系 迪爾寧波工廠著力打造高質量制造中心
對標IPO,哪些農機企業(yè)能做大做強(中英雙語) ♂
對標IPO,哪些農機企業(yè)能做大做強(中英雙語)說說IPO的前世今生
Talk about the past life of the IPO
市場經濟是競賽中贏者通吃,輸者死亡的殘酷拼搏場。作為企業(yè),要么做大做強,要么成為別人的盤中餐。這里沒有折衷,從來不相信眼淚。資本在這場博弈中,成也蕭何,敗也蕭何。當你志得意滿時,它會錦上添花,讓你處在燈火斕姍中。當你落寞敗北時,它會落井下石,讓你更難堪,狠不得有個地縫鉆下去。曾幾何時,歐洲國家創(chuàng)造性地摧生了IPO,鑄就了歐洲國家一大批發(fā)達的經濟體;IPO不失時機的作了回“接生婆”,大批跨國企業(yè)因此如雨后春筍,一路攻城略地,風彌全球。
30年前,我國陸續(xù)發(fā)生了三件奠基性大事:
struggle in the competition. As an enterprise, either become bigger and stronger, or become someone else's food. There is no compromise here, never believe in tears. Capital in this game, into also xiao, defeat also xiao. When you are satisfied, it will be the icing on the cake, let you in the bright lights. When you are lonely defeat, it will be down stone, let you more embarrassed, ruthless can not have a seam to drill down. Once upon a time, European countries creatively destroyed IPO, created a large number of developed European economies; IPO lost no time to the "midwife", a large number of multinationalenterprises, the world. Thirty years ago, three groundbreaking events took place in China:
一是確立了我國經濟體制改革的總目標是建立社會主義市場經濟體制。其意義在于把經濟發(fā)展的主動權交給了市場經濟主體,從而迸發(fā)出經濟發(fā)展的“井噴效應”。
First, the overall goal of China's economic system reform is to establish a socialist market economic system. Its significance lies in giving the initiative of economic development to the main body of market economy, thus bursting out the "blowout effect" of economic development.
二是重回WTO,我國成長為“世界工廠”。世界面對中國的經濟蘺芭墻被“規(guī)則”性拆除,外貿成為拉動經濟的“三駕馬車”之一。短短20余年,我國就成為世界第二大經濟體。
The second is to return to the WTO, China grew into the "factory of the world". The world's economic wall facing China has been removed by "rules", and foreign trade has become one of the "troika" to drive the economy. In just over 20 years, China has become the world's second largest economy.
三是引入IPO機制。通過這一機制,把社會閑散資金集腋成裘,為企業(yè)缺乏發(fā)展資金解難。出資者和企業(yè)各得其所。
Third, the introduction of the IPO mechanism. Through this mechanism, the social idle funds set into a mickle, for the lack of development funds to solve the problem. The investor and the enterprise are their place.
什么是IPO
what is IPO
IPO是Initial Public Offering的英語縮寫。意即企業(yè)或公司首次公開募股。公司通過公開募股的方式上市,獲得穩(wěn)定的發(fā)展資金。認購者則從股票增殖中獲得出資收益。如果公司經營不善,股票持有人則承擔與持股相等的損失(有限責任)。證監(jiān)機構對首次公開募股者負監(jiān)督管理責任,以確保盈利前景好近幾年財務無虧損的公司有資格公開上市募股。
The IPO is short in English for Initial Public Offering. It means an initial public offering of a company or a company. The company went public through a public offering to obtain stable development funds. Subscribers get the investment income from the stock proliferation. If the company is not well managed, the stock holder will bear the loss equal to the holding (limited liability). CSRC institutions are responsible for the supervision and management of ipo issuers to ensure that companies with good earnings prospects and no financial losses in recent yearsare eligible for public listing.
上市前,在詢價機制下,新股發(fā)行價格并不事先確定,而在固定價格方式下,主承銷商根據(jù)估值結果及對投資者需求的預計,直接確定一個發(fā)行價格。固定價格方式相對較為簡單,但效率較低。過去中國一直采用固定價格發(fā)行方式,2004年12月7日證監(jiān)會推出了新股詢價機制,邁出了市場化的關鍵一步。發(fā)行方式確定以后,進入了正式發(fā)行階段,此時如果有效認購數(shù)量超過了擬發(fā)行數(shù)量,即為超額認購,超額認購倍數(shù)越高,說明投資者的需求越為強烈。
in advance, but under the fixed price, the lead underwriter directly determines an issue price according to the valuation results and the expectation of investors' demand. Fixed price mode is relatively simple, but the efficiency is low. In the past, China has been using the fixed price issuance method. On December 7,2004, the CSRC launched the inquiry mechanism of new shares, which is a key step in marketization. After the issuance method is determined, it has entered the formal issuance stage. At this time, if the effective subscription quantity exceeds the proposed issuance quantity, it is oversubscribed. The higher theoversubscription multiple, the stronger the demand of investors is.
在超額認購的情況下,主承銷商可能會擁有分配股份的權利,即配售權,也可能沒有,依照交易所規(guī)則而定。通過行使配售權,發(fā)行人可以達到理想的股東結構。在中國,主承銷商不具備配售股份的權利,必須按照認購比例配售。
In the event of an oversubscription, the lead underwriter may have the right to distribute the shares, the allotment right, and may or may not be so, in accordance with the exchange rules of the Exchange. By exercising the allotment right, the issuer can achieve an ideal shareholder structure. In China, the lead underwriter does not have the right to place the shares and must place them in proportion to the subscription.
當出現(xiàn)超額認購時,主承銷商還可以使用"超額配售選擇權"(又稱"綠鞋")增加發(fā)行數(shù)量。"超額配售選擇權"是指發(fā)行人賦予主承銷商的一項選擇權,獲此授權的主承銷商可以在股票上市后的一定期限內按同一發(fā)行價格超額發(fā)售一定比例的股份,在此期間內,如果市價低于發(fā)行價,主承銷商直接從市場購入這部分股票分配給提出申購的投資者,如果市價高于發(fā)行價,則直接由發(fā)行人增發(fā)。這樣可以在股票上市后一定期間內保持股價的相對穩(wěn)定,同時有利于承銷商抵御發(fā)行風險,每有分析行情線。
When oversubscription occurs, the lead underwriter can also use the "overallotment option" (also known as "green shoes") to increase the number of issues."Over-allotment option" refers to the issuer gives lead underwriters an option, by the authorized lead underwriters can be in the stock listed within a certain period of time by the same issue price excess percentage of shares, in this period, if the market price is lower than the price, lead underwriters directly from the market shares allocated to purchase investors, if the market price is higher than directly by the issuer. In this way, the stock price can be maintained for a certain period after the listing, and the underwriters can resist the issuance risk, with every analysis of the market line.
農機企業(yè)排隊IPO
Agricultural machinery enterprises queue up for IPO
2023年4月6日上午,隨著花溪科技少帥孟家毅手起鐘響,國內農機行業(yè)新增了一家上市公司。
On the morning of April 6,2023, with the bell ringing of Meng Jiayi, the young marshal of Huaxi Technology, a new listed company was added in the domestic agricultural machinery industry.
花溪科技股份有限公司,國內農機圈更熟悉的名字是花溪玉田,是國內專業(yè)從事農作物秸稈打捆機業(yè)務的細分領域隱形冠軍,是國內小方捆機行業(yè)的領軍企業(yè)。時勢成就英雄,花溪科技近幾年櫛風沐雨、披荊斬棘,經過兩代人的努力,憑著實力和專業(yè)水準以及連續(xù)三年時間的準備,終于敲開了北交所大門,據(jù)悉花溪科技是赴北交所上市的首家農機裝備企業(yè)。
Huaxi Technology Co., Ltd., more familiar with the domestic agricultural machinery circle, is the invisible champion in the subdivision of crop straw baler business in China, and the leading enterprise in the domestic small square baler industry. In recent years, Huaxi Technology has, through two generations of efforts, with strength and professional standards and three consecutive years of preparation, finally opened the door of the North Exchange. It is reported that Huaxi Technology is the first agricultural machinery and equipment enterprise to be listed in the North Exchange.
有專家預計,隨著花溪科技IPO成功,國內農機企業(yè)的IPO閘門有可能會開啟,乘著國家強農惠農、資本助農政策的東風,濰柴雷沃、沃得農機、缽施然、英虎機械、威馬、拓普云農等企業(yè)的上市靴子會加速落地。有了示范效應,后面會有更多的農機企業(yè)沖刺資本市場,國內農機行業(yè)競爭將升級,農機行業(yè)第二次資本浪潮到來??梢姡f國內農機行業(yè)是資本洼地當實至名歸!除了花溪科技之外,國內農機行業(yè)最近一個赴交易所敲鐘的公司是山東弘宇股份,上市時間是2017年8月2日,之后的7年間,雖然有沃得農機、威馬股份、極飛科技、缽施然等公司的前仆后繼沖擊IPO,但一直沒有再敲開主板市場大門,這對青春期的國內農機行業(yè)算得上是一種磨礪。
Huaxi Technology, the IPO gate of domestic agricultural machinery enterprises may be opened. Taking the advantage of the national policy of strengthening agriculture and benefiting farmers and capital assisting agriculture, the listing boots of Weichai Lewo, Ward Agricultural Machinery, BoShiran, Yinghu Machinery, Weima, Topu Yunnong and other enterprises will accelerate the landing. With the demonstration effect, there will be more agricultural machinery enterprises sprint behind the capital market, the domestic agricultural machinery industry competition will upgrade, thesecond capital wave of agricultural machinery industry arrival. Visible, say domestic agricultural machinery industry is capital depression when deserved! In addition to huaxi technology, the domestic agricultural machinery industry recently a exchange bell company is Shandong hong yu shares, the listing time is on August 2,2017, after seven years, although with agricultural machinery, horse shares, extremely fly technology, bowl ran company before after IPO, but never knocked on the main board market door, the adolescent domestic agricultural machinery industry is a kind of hone.
四千多家優(yōu)秀的企業(yè)如過江之鯽奔赴IPO戰(zhàn)場,說明IPO對企業(yè)具有巨大的價值。IPO之于農機企業(yè)至少有以下的幾點好處:
More than 4,000 outstanding enterprises rushed to the IPO battlefield, indicating that IPO has great value to enterprises. IPO for agricultural machinery enterprises at least have the following benefits:
一是低成本的募集巨量資金,解決企業(yè)發(fā)展中的資金問題,加速企業(yè)成長。2022年沃得招股說明書、2023年濰柴雷沃招股說明書上可看到兩個企業(yè)IPO募資分別為60億元、50億元。如果上市成功并順利地募資到巨額資金,兩家企業(yè)的發(fā)展速度會加速,同時會改變國內,抑或全球農機行業(yè)的競爭格局。IPO募集來的資金來自特定發(fā)行對象或廣大股民,企業(yè)是無償使用的,回報股民的是未來的分紅,如果企業(yè)經營不善,無利潤可分也不會承擔責任,與向銀行、金融機構、個人融資相比,IPO上市融資是成本最低的一種途徑,這也是IPO最大的吸引力所在,也是企業(yè)對IPO趨之若鶩的原因。
First, raise a huge amount of funds at low cost to solve the capital problems in the development of enterprises and accelerate the growth of enterprises. In the prospectus of Ward in 2022 and the prospectus of Weichai Lewo in 2023, the IPO of the two enterprises raised 6 billion yuan and 5 billion yuan respectively. If the listing is successful and raises a huge amount of money, the growth of the two companies will accelerate and change the competitive pattern of the domestic and global agricultural machinery industry. IPO to raise moneyfrom specific object or the majority of people, enterprise is free of use, return people is the future dividends, if the enterprise management, no profit can not take responsibility, compared to the Banks, financial institutions, personal financing, IPO listed financing is a way of the lowest cost, this is also the biggestattraction of IPO, is also for the enterprise of the IPO.
二是企業(yè)知名度、美譽度、品牌影響力等無形價值。誠然能成功IPO的農機企業(yè),在行業(yè)內都是經營良性,有一定知名度的好公司,但是同樣都是好公司,有企業(yè)一旦成功上市,就會有鯉魚跳龍門效應,從此之后呼風喚雨、資源聚集。
Second, the enterprise visibility, reputation, brand influence and other intangible value. It is true that the successful IPO of agricultural machinery enterprises, in the industry are benign management, have a certain popularity of good companies, but the same are good companies, enterprises once successfully listed, there will be carp jump Longmen effect, from then on the wind and rain, resource gathering.
三是規(guī)范化經營,上市對農機企業(yè)來講不僅僅是打通了直接融資的通道,更重要的是實現(xiàn)從商品經營到資本經營的跨越式發(fā)展,具有里程碑意義,上市是融資的機會,更是規(guī)范企業(yè)行為,全面提升企業(yè)的機會。
Third, standardized operation, listing for agricultural machinery enterprises is not only to open up the channel of direct financing, but more importantly, to realize the leap-forward development from commodity management to capital management, which has a milestone significance. Listing is a financing opportunity, but also to standardize enterprise behavior and comprehensively improve the opportunity of enterprises.
四是創(chuàng)業(yè)者和投資人可以通過資本市場讓自己的財富增值并變現(xiàn)等。從科創(chuàng)板、創(chuàng)業(yè)板、上交所主板、深交所主板、北交所IPO在審信息系統(tǒng)看,目前排隊申請IPO的公司有新疆缽施然、威馬農機、沃得農機、英虎農機、濰柴雷沃、拓普云農、潤農節(jié)水等。但以上的名單只是冰山的一角。目前農機行業(yè)有數(shù)十家新銳企業(yè)正在磨刀霍霍,進入資本市場取得新的斬獲是他們的天然訴求,且這些“新農機”企業(yè)普遍有互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、智慧農機的基因。
Fourth, entrepreneurs and investors can increase the value of their wealth and realize their wealth through the capital market. From the IPO information system of the Science and Technology Innovation Board, the GEM Board, the main board of the Shanghai Stock Exchange, the main board of the Shenzhen Stock Exchange and the Beijing Stock Exchange, the companies currently queuing for IPO include Xinjiang Bo Shiran, Weima Agricultural Machinery, Ward Agricultural Machinery, Yinghu Agricultural Machinery, Weichai Lewo, Tuopu Yunnong, Runnong WaterSaving, etc. But the above list is just the tip of the iceberg. At present, there are dozens of new enterprises in the agricultural machinery industry that are sharpening their knives. It is their natural appeal to enter the new gains in the capital market, and these "new agricultural machinery" enterprises generally have the genes of Internet and intelligent agricultural machinery.
可以說農機行業(yè)這次IPO可謂浪潮洶涌,其中不乏如濰柴雷沃、沃得農機這種行業(yè)內的超級大腕,以及拓普云農這種具備智慧農業(yè)、農業(yè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的高科技農業(yè)公司。據(jù)行業(yè)專家分析,本輪IPO,第一波充當先鋒隊的是濰柴雷沃、沃得農機、英虎農機等以傳統(tǒng)的拖拉機、聯(lián)合收獲機為主業(yè)的裝備制造型農機企業(yè),第二波、第三波將是天生帶著數(shù)字化、精準化、智能化、無人化、新能源基因的“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+農機”“物聯(lián)網(wǎng)+農機”“智慧農業(yè)+農機”的高科技農機公司。
and agricultural Internet of Things. According to industry experts analysis, the IPO, the first wave as a vanguard is weichai lei wo, farmers, tiger with traditional tractors, joint harvester farm machinery of equipment manufacturing agricultural machinery enterprises, the second and third wave will be born with a digital, accurate, intelligent, unmanned, new energy gene "Internet + agricultural machinery" "Internet of things + agricultural machinery" "wisdom agriculture + agricultural machinery" high-tech agricultural machinery company.
這些農機企業(yè)成功上市之后,屆時國內資本市場將會真正地形成一個實力強大的農機裝備板塊,有一些企業(yè)可能會赴海外上市,成為兩地或多地上市公司,在中國農機走出去的進程中,資本將會發(fā)揮引擎和引領者的雙重作用。
After the successful listing of these agricultural machinery enterprises, the domestic capital market will truly form a powerful agricultural machinery equipment sector, and some enterprises may go listed overseas and become listed companies in two places or more places. In the process of China's agricultural machinery going out, capital will play the dual role of engine and leader.
競爭時代,企業(yè)對標IPO無疑是做大做強的必經之路
In the era of competition, the standard IPO is undoubtedly the only way to become bigger and stronger
中國農機行業(yè)并沒有進入品牌競爭、社會營銷競爭階段,由于叢林化的競爭環(huán)境,決定了中國農機市場不會沿襲歐美國家的農機市場的路線按部就班,為了盡快逃離紅海泥淖,幾乎所有完成原始積累的公司都選擇獨立IPO,也就是資本突圍。
China's agricultural machinery industry did not enter the stage of brand competition, social marketing competition, due to the jungle competition environment, determines China's agricultural machinery market will not follow the European and American agricultural machinery market route, in order to escape the red sea as soon as possible, almost all complete the original accumulation company choose independent IPO, namely capital to break.
只要IPO成功,不但前期付出的一切都會得到回報和變現(xiàn),創(chuàng)始人和高管實現(xiàn)財富自由,從此跳入天門不在凡界,這是競爭的升維,就相當于從三維進入四維空間,多一維對低維的競爭伙伴就是降維打擊。
As long as the IPO is successful, not only everything paid in the early stage will be rewarded and realized, the founders and executives will realize wealth freedom and jump into the gate of the world. This is the dimension of competition, which is equivalent to entering the three-dimensional space, and the three-dimensional competition is the low-dimensional attack.
農機行業(yè)已經進入多寡頭壟斷階段,同時競爭升級,已進入資本競爭階段,但資本是較高級的競爭,同時資本競爭也是少數(shù)玩家的競爭,沃得農機、濰柴雷沃任何一家成功IPO,對雙方以及整個行業(yè)都會產生巨大而深遠的影響,行業(yè)競爭格局有可能煥然一新。
最高層面的競爭是資本競爭,贏家獲得是戰(zhàn)略的主動,可以將別人獲得的時間和空間上的優(yōu)勢盡收囊中。未來唯大且強的農機企業(yè)才能爭取一席之地,從全球范圍內看,約翰迪爾、凱斯紐荷蘭、愛科、久保田、一拖、道依茨、馬斯奇奧等跨國巨頭或國內頭部企業(yè),幾乎都是上市公司,一拖還是A股和H股兩地上市公司,美國企業(yè)90%的融資來自直接融資,而國內只有15%左右。
Agricultural machinery industry has entered the stage of oligopoly, competition at the same time, has entered the stage of capital competition, but capital is advanced competition, capital competition is also a few players competition, wo, any successful IPO, for both sides and the industry will have a huge and far-reaching influence, industry competition pattern may look brand-new. The highest level of competition is capital competition, the winner is the initiative of strategy, can be the time and space advantage of others. Future only big and strong agricultural machinerye for a place, globally, John Deere, the new Holland, love, kubota, A drag, way, mas, multinational giants or domestic head enterprise, is almost all listed companies, A drag or A shares and H shares both listed companies, 90% of American companies financing from direct financing, and domestic only about 15%.
國內農機企業(yè)要積極的擁抱資本,一方面是通過資本市場募資,幫助企業(yè)快速做出規(guī)模和行業(yè)影響力,另一方面利用上市公司平臺打造品牌形象和利用平臺資源整合行業(yè)存量資源,以壓縮成長周期,迅速建立規(guī)模和實力優(yōu)勢。
Domestic agricultural machinery enterprises should actively embrace capital. On the one hand, they should raise funds through the capital market to help enterprises quickly make scale and industry influence; on the other hand, they should use the listed platform of listed companies to build brand image and use the platform resources to integrate the industry stock resources, so as to compress the growth cycle and quickly establish scale and strength advantages.
對標江浙鄉(xiāng)村振興典型經驗 對接優(yōu)秀特色產業(yè) ♂
對標江浙鄉(xiāng)村振興典型經驗 對接優(yōu)秀特色產業(yè)4月11日至14日,天津市鄉(xiāng)村產業(yè)招商考察團赴浙江省杭州市、湖州市和江蘇省南京市,學習考察現(xiàn)代都市型農業(yè)發(fā)展典型經驗,與江浙地區(qū)優(yōu)秀企業(yè)對接洽談,開展招商推介,賦能天津鄉(xiāng)村振興全面推進行動實施。副市長謝元帶隊學習考察招商。
考察團一行在江浙兩省三市共考察3個類型11個特色點位,圍繞發(fā)展高端設施農業(yè),考察了四維生態(tài)科技(杭州)有限公司、水木九天現(xiàn)代農業(yè)科技股份有限公司、百源康生態(tài)農業(yè)有限公司和綠豐源谷生態(tài)農業(yè)開發(fā)有限公司,重點學習了解了植物工廠、魚菜共生、生物提取等前沿技術研發(fā)應用情況;圍繞強化科技支撐,考察了螞蟻科技集團股份有限公司、南京國家現(xiàn)代農業(yè)產業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新中心,重點學習了解了科技賦能農業(yè)發(fā)展、促進農民增收等情況;圍繞發(fā)展鄉(xiāng)村旅游,考察了湖州市德清縣莫干山民宿聚集區(qū),南京市江寧區(qū)谷里徐家院、鄉(xiāng)伴蘇家文創(chuàng)小鎮(zhèn)、菜塘大禮堂和富藍特藍莓種植專業(yè)合作社,重點學習了解了鄉(xiāng)村旅游規(guī)劃、建設、招商、運營以及壯大村集體經濟和聯(lián)農帶農等方面情況,就鄉(xiāng)村旅游發(fā)展的規(guī)劃建設思路、招商運營模式和宣傳推廣方式等內容,與當?shù)卣块T、運營公司、民宿經營主體等進行了深入交流探討。
考察期間,天津市農業(yè)農村委與螞蟻集團簽訂《鄉(xiāng)村振興合作框架協(xié)議》,圍繞為天津各類農業(yè)生產主體提供普惠金融服務、助力天津“三農”領域信息化建設等方面達成合作共識。
14日上午,“聚商興農 智美津城”天津市鄉(xiāng)村產業(yè)招商推介會在江蘇省南京市漢府酒店成功舉辦。市農業(yè)農村委主要負責同志圍繞天津鄉(xiāng)村振興全面推進行動方案進行了招商推介,寧河、寶坻、薊州3個涉農區(qū)分別推介了重點招商項目,天津農商銀行主要負責同志介紹了金融支持招商項目有關政策。來自江蘇、浙江、山東等省市企業(yè)代表和天津市江蘇南京商會、南京市工商聯(lián)負責人共150余人出席推介會,26家企業(yè)和單位達成合作意向并簽署合作協(xié)議,簽約金額達20.85億元。
天津市副市長謝元表示,江浙兩省推進鄉(xiāng)村振興的理念新、政策實、服務優(yōu)、效果好,尤其是一大批實力雄厚的企業(yè),以高度的社會責任感、敏銳的戰(zhàn)略眼光、敢為人先的創(chuàng)新思維,助力鄉(xiāng)村產業(yè)發(fā)展,極大地激發(fā)了鄉(xiāng)村整體活力,非常值得天津學習借鑒。天津正致力于打造現(xiàn)代都市型農業(yè)升級版,擁有輻射北京、雄安、唐山等大城市群的1小時交通圈,以盤山、海河為代表的豐沛山水林田資源和良好生態(tài)環(huán)境,高標準農田建設、農業(yè)設施化生產、種業(yè)發(fā)展、“津農精品”優(yōu)質農產品品牌等產業(yè)基礎,以及全方位的政策支持和優(yōu)質便捷服務,能夠為來津投資興業(yè)的企業(yè)家提供施展才華的廣闊空間和舞臺。
天津市人民政府副秘書長王智毅,天津市農業(yè)農村委主要負責同志和分管負責同志,天津市文化和旅游局、天津市規(guī)劃資源局、天津市供銷合作社分管負責同志,10個涉農區(qū)政府分管負責同志,以及天津農商銀行、天津食品集團、市旅游集團、市農村產權交易所主要負責同志參加學習考察招商活動。
對標約翰迪爾全球質量體系 迪爾寧波工廠著力打造高質量制造中心 ♂
對標約翰迪爾全球質量體系 迪爾寧波工廠著力打造高質量制造中心 農機行業(yè)近年一路下行,要問表現(xiàn)最穩(wěn)健的企業(yè)有哪幾家?約翰迪爾中國(下稱“迪爾中國)無疑是最值得稱道的其中之一。
迪爾中國“抗跌”的一個重要秘訣是其持久塑造的產品力?!俺形屹|者,載我之名”,這家位列世界500強的制造企業(yè),其品牌美譽度無疑首先基于擁有過硬質量的產品。
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打造多功能拖拉機制造中心
3月19日,頭天一場淅淅瀝瀝的小雨過后,甬城寧波空氣中散發(fā)出更加泌人心脾的氣息。鎮(zhèn)海區(qū)內占地160多畝的約翰迪爾(寧波)農業(yè)機械有限公司(下稱“迪爾寧波工廠”)廠區(qū)干凈整潔,員工們正有條不紊地保持著生產的節(jié)拍。大院里整整齊齊擺放著兩列鮮艷的“迪爾綠”拖拉機,大概有三四百臺。迪爾寧波工廠廠長孫寶林告訴記者,這都是按訂單生產即將待發(fā)的拖拉機,公司盡量控制好庫存、減少資金占用--對于一家先進的企業(yè)來說,這類做法顯然是工廠運營的題中之義。
自2007年,約翰迪爾收購原主營中小馬力拖拉機的寧波奔野拖拉機廠,把迪爾在中國的拖拉機產品線向下大幅進行了延伸。按中國的傳統(tǒng),今年正好處于工廠的“本命之年”。如今,迪爾寧波工廠主要以生產30-100馬力的多功能中小型拖拉機為核心業(yè)務,同時組裝和銷售迪爾先進的甘蔗收獲機產品(核心部件由國外進口),10多年來寧波工廠已為中國市場提供了23萬余臺優(yōu)質拖拉機。
目前,迪爾在中國有5個工廠,3家分公司和2個辦事處,近200家經銷商。若按產值算,寧波工廠占到中國境內的1/5?;蛟S這并不是一個大的數(shù)字,但對迪爾中國來說,寧波工廠身處水稻種植的南方,為迪爾保持著靈敏的水田“嗅覺”,其對迪爾中國甚至其全球的戰(zhàn)略意義均不可低估。從這種意義上說,寧波工廠近可作為中國的生產基地,而遠點則可作為出口東南亞市場的“橋頭堡”。
在有些人看來,寧波工廠似乎是迪爾中國的一個雞肋,但在公司高管的眼里并非如此。實際上,在過去的幾年,雖遇到市場總體需求下降的影響,但寧波工廠通過盤活資產,努力降低成本以及積極開發(fā)新產品提升產品競爭力等措施,公司在中小馬力拖拉機市場一直保持良好的市場份額。
按迪爾全球的規(guī)劃,寧波工廠正被打造成多功能拖拉機制造中心和全球優(yōu)質拖拉機制造基地。去年底以來,經過通盤考慮,迪爾將原在天津工廠生產的5E系列拖拉機轉移至寧波工廠生產,同時增加了604、1004兩個型號的拖拉機產品。這樣,寧波工廠生產的拖拉機包括2C(30-35馬力)、3B(40-60馬力)和5E(80-100馬力)三大產品系列。據(jù)迪爾寧波工廠廠長孫寶林介紹,寧波工廠產品研發(fā)中心仍在天津,但寧波也有一個研發(fā)團隊,主要負責已有產品的技術改進,同時參與新產品項目的研發(fā)。
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為何做這種調整?迪爾中國銷售市場部副總經理邊雅君介紹,迪爾5E系列拖拉機是迪爾2007年就開始針對中國市場進行布局的產品,該系列產品重量輕,轉彎半徑小,兼顧水旱兩用、可延長作業(yè)時間、增加用戶收益,因此5E系列成為寧波工廠主打的多功能拖拉機產品線的組成部分。
孫寶林稱,5E項目目標已經順利完成轉移,為了保證轉移成功,在生產體系上并未做任何改動。而隨著針對一些目標客戶運輸成本的降低,公司通過供應鏈的整合優(yōu)化、提升物料供應的效率,對成本控制、提升產品競爭力更有好處。
按迪爾的布局,寧波工廠的拖拉機與甘蔗收獲機還供出口業(yè)務,目前拖拉機已經銷售到獨聯(lián)體、中東、非洲、東南亞等地區(qū)與國家,甘蔗收獲機也在積極拓展國內與國際市場。
迪爾中國銷售市場部總經理李立鳳稱,迪爾的一個原則就是做能做的事情,把自己的價值更好地傳遞給合作伙伴與終端用戶,2019年迪爾中國的目標仍是追求健康增長。“越是在行業(yè)低迷時期執(zhí)行力更重要,這幾年我們一直強調‘執(zhí)行’促增長、強調執(zhí)行落地,連續(xù)幾年我們銷售額取得逆勢增長?!?br>
采用約翰迪爾全球制造標準的工廠
企業(yè)要保持在市場中的競爭力,產品是王道。在農業(yè)機械領域,產品可靠性尤其是用戶十分看重的,作為全球農機巨頭,迪爾的成功之道之一就是擁有一流的質量管理體系。
而寧波工廠作為迪爾中國旗下的一個工廠,自然也就是迪爾在全球的一個工廠。既同樣冠以“約翰迪爾”之名,也必不可負“承我質者、載我之名”的責任與用戶期待。
據(jù)孫寶林介紹,寧波工廠2019年的工作重點首要的就是保證交付卓越質量的產品,其次是按國家要求及時準備國四產品的切換;第三是做好成本控制,做好精益生產,持續(xù)降低材料及人工成本。此外,工廠的一項重要工作是加強團隊建設,“企業(yè)發(fā)展終歸離不開人,放在運營中的重中之重。”對于一線員工,迪爾每年會安排兩次體檢,同時盡量規(guī)劃好淡旺季的工作,合理安排員工的時間、提高工作效率。近年來,寧波工廠的員工離職率小于5%。
迪爾寧波工廠正按照迪爾全球標準制造優(yōu)質拖拉機,從體系、過程、手段和設備保證產品質量。質量不僅僅是說教,嚴苛的質量意識與標準、先進的工藝設備不可或缺。目前迪爾寧波工廠焊接、機加工、噴涂和變速箱以及整機裝配生產流程,內控非常嚴格。近幾年工廠不斷引進先進設備、先進的檢測和計量儀器,致力于為市場,客戶提供卓越質量的產品。去年,工廠投資購買蔡司三座標測量儀,零部件測量更加精準。目前寧波工廠有11臺加工中心,所有毛坯件自己加工,零部件的精細化質量得到有效保障。值得一提的是,寧波工廠購買大型設備時都需達到迪爾全球的標準,實現(xiàn)軟硬件的兼容,滿足迪爾工藝的設計要求。
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針對記者寧波工廠與迪爾在全球其他地方先進工廠相比有何差距的疑惑,孫寶林坦承,目前寧波工廠整個生產體系與其他工廠并沒有較大差距,無外乎有的工廠生產環(huán)節(jié)自動化程度更高一些。在他看來,寧波工廠的產品制造、質量標準都一樣,達到“迪爾標準”要求方可量產。
檢測是保證產品質量的重要環(huán)節(jié),寧波工廠所有產品按OECD檢測標準進行試驗。每臺拖拉機出廠前均要做跑道轉彎半徑、駐坡等測試。為了提升外檢的檢驗效率和檢驗能力,公司在倉庫區(qū)域建立新外檢站,縮短取件距離420m,提升了外檢檢驗效率,為5E產品引入不增加檢驗人員打下良好基礎。同時給外檢增添了5E必須使用的檢驗設備,并對現(xiàn)有設備進行了升級,使外檢的檢驗能力得到進一步提升。所有外協(xié)發(fā)動機和其他進料須檢測后格后方可安裝,保證來料合格。
迪爾寧波工廠車間可看到很多質量控制點提示標牌。如變速箱生產環(huán)節(jié),所有關鍵部件經過清洗才能裝配,保證變速箱清潔度間隙調整到位,扭矩控制保證高度精準,所有變速箱經過試驗臺檢測合格才能流入下道工序。液壓系統(tǒng)線束牢固有清晰的標準,防塵罩不可打開。拖拉機從變速箱開始追溯,下線核驗完后整個信息輸入質量管理系統(tǒng)、整機可追溯。產品涂裝均要嚴格按噴漆工藝進行,歷經400小時的鹽霧試驗以保證外觀質量。
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迪爾寧波工廠動力總成裝配線上有自動導航小車,按裝配要求完成生產工序后,整個系統(tǒng)會自動流轉,節(jié)省人工、提高生產效率。車間根據(jù)訂單設定節(jié)拍式生產,兩條生產線可移動調整、最大化生產效率。零部件放在車間一側可視化裝配,滿足精益生產的要求。
在質量管理方面,寧波工廠對供應商、工序和員工均實行培訓認證制度。每個月、每個季度工廠還會邀請合作伙伴或客戶到工廠,分析產品質量問題,持續(xù)改進產品質量。迪爾還有一套自己的調研系統(tǒng),通過設置量化的指標,考核單機失效率和調查用戶滿意度,為質量改進提供盡量客觀的參照。在迪爾寧波工廠車間內還能看到很多工作小組看板,有非常明晰的工藝控制圖,細化到每個工序的掌握,包括質量、交付、持續(xù)改進點。
作為一家充滿社會責任感的企業(yè),雖然這兩年行業(yè)蕭條、拖拉機業(yè)務受到很大挑戰(zhàn),但迪爾寧波工廠在環(huán)保、廢水處理設備等方面仍做了大量設施更新。在車間內處處可見安全提示,據(jù)透露,寧波工廠連車間內的叉車都專門建立有運行制度,以充分保障安全生產。至我們到訪之日,迪爾寧波工廠已經1463天沒有迪爾謂之“損工時”的安全事故發(fā)生。
李立鳳表示,“迪爾寧波工廠造”的產品一定將經得起市場驗證?!爸挥杏脩粽f你好、愿意花更高的錢來買你的產品,才是我們公司發(fā)展的根本?!彼f。
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