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本文導讀目錄：

1、美國農(nóng)機行業(yè)供應(yīng)鏈問題現(xiàn)狀如何

2、美國農(nóng)機行業(yè)面臨的困境及解決方式

美國農(nóng)機行業(yè)供應(yīng)鏈問題現(xiàn)狀如何 ♂

美國農(nóng)機行業(yè)供應(yīng)鏈問題現(xiàn)狀如何

近日，美國農(nóng)業(yè)機械展NFMS揭示了一個重要主題：供應(yīng)鏈問題仍然是農(nóng)業(yè)設(shè)備制造商面臨的主要問題。一段時間以來，供應(yīng)鏈問題一直是新設(shè)備推向市場的主要障礙，這個問題可能會持續(xù)到2023年。

美國設(shè)備制造商協(xié)會AEM農(nóng)業(yè)服務(wù)高級副總裁柯特·布萊茲表示，在2021年和2022年經(jīng)歷的供應(yīng)鏈挑戰(zhàn)或許會伴隨我們更長的時間。無論是凱斯或是約翰迪爾，很多設(shè)備制造商承認零部件采購問題一直是一個令人頭痛的問題。

設(shè)備制造商在與供應(yīng)鏈基地不斷進行的對話中，得到一些少許令人欣慰的信息是，情況在2022年下半年或許有所改善。

2022年第三季度和第四季度的業(yè)績表明，企業(yè)向市場交付訂單產(chǎn)品的能力有所提高。預(yù)計在20223年第一季度將繼續(xù)保持這種勢頭。

零部件供應(yīng)短缺

如今，世界各地的設(shè)備制造商都在努力解決同樣的問題。供應(yīng)鏈問題不僅持續(xù)存在，而且難以預(yù)測。

凱斯北美業(yè)務(wù)負責人庫爾特·科菲表示企業(yè)曾面臨過這種程度的挑戰(zhàn)，現(xiàn)在影響可能有所減輕，但還是沒有脫離困境。企業(yè)生產(chǎn)中有很多非常獨特的、高價值的定制鑄件，熱處理定制鑄件，都不能直接去購買。

鑄件問題是目前供應(yīng)鏈受到的最大沖擊。無論是何種類型的設(shè)備，制造商都表示鑄件是目前的主要障礙。

美國大平原公司農(nóng)業(yè)事業(yè)部總裁詹姆斯·舒爾茨表示，在供應(yīng)鏈方面，這種問題有點像“一刀切”的影響，鑄件是當前面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。

AEM最近對其成員進行了一項調(diào)查，結(jié)果顯示：最受歡迎的組件是軌道及其包含的配件，但只有27%的最佳庫存可用。

在農(nóng)業(yè)和工程設(shè)備領(lǐng)域，半導體和芯片都供不應(yīng)求。兩個領(lǐng)域都有44%的最佳庫存可用。

由于供應(yīng)短缺的零部件不斷變化，制造商正在尋找多種方法來解決問題。過去一兩年一直是定制鑄件、芯片、履帶和輪胎。有些企業(yè)成功引入了戰(zhàn)略采購，去第三方市場從第三方那里購買芯片，從第三方那里購買價值數(shù)百萬美元的芯片，把它們運到合作供應(yīng)商那里，保持生產(chǎn)線的運轉(zhuǎn)。

勞動力短缺

無論什么產(chǎn)品稀缺，波及的范圍都遠遠超過一個零件或一家公司。

供應(yīng)鏈挑戰(zhàn)的根本問題都是勞動力。2022年年底，AEM還就供應(yīng)鏈問題對179家設(shè)備制造商高管進行了調(diào)查，發(fā)現(xiàn)98%的企業(yè)仍面臨供應(yīng)鏈問題，同時58%的企業(yè)供應(yīng)鏈狀況持續(xù)惡化。

AEM調(diào)查顯示，各種規(guī)模的設(shè)備制造商都在創(chuàng)新應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)，包括增加庫存和供應(yīng)商基礎(chǔ)，建立更垂直的供應(yīng)鏈整合，認證替代供應(yīng)商，以及更多地關(guān)注供應(yīng)鏈可靠性而不是價格。

日益增長的樂觀情緒

盡管不斷供應(yīng)鏈障礙不斷，但很多制造商的領(lǐng)導者都持樂觀態(tài)度。行業(yè)情況正在逐步好轉(zhuǎn)，企業(yè)也在交付情況中實現(xiàn)了承諾。只要事情繼續(xù)沿著這樣的軌道發(fā)展，盡管前方仍有一些阻礙，大家對2023年的行業(yè)情況仍感到樂觀。

責任編輯：王婧

校對：趙弢

美國農(nóng)機行業(yè)面臨的困境及解決方式 ♂

美國農(nóng)機行業(yè)面臨的困境及解決方式

The agricultural machinery industry in the United States is highly developed and technologically advanced, with a long history of innovation and productivity. The industry is driven by the needs of the country's large and diverse agricultural sector, which includes crops such as corn, soybeans, wheat, and cotton, as well as livestock such as cattle and poultry.

Some of the key players in the agricultural machinery industry in the United States include John Deere, CNH Industrial, AGCO Corporation, and Kubota Corporation, among others. These companies produce a wide range of machinery and equipment for farmers, including tractors, combines, planters, sprayers, and irrigation systems.

The industry has also seen significant advancements in precision agriculture technologies, such as GPS-guided equipment and data analytics, which allow farmers to optimize their crop yields and minimize waste. In addition, there has been a growing trend towards sustainable agriculture practices, which has led to increased demand for equipment that can help reduce the environmental impact of farming.

Overall, the agricultural machinery industry in the United States is a critical component of the country's agricultural sector, helping to drive productivity, efficiency, and innovation in one of the world's largest and most important agricultural markets.

美國的農(nóng)機行業(yè)非常發(fā)達和技術(shù)先進，具有悠久的創(chuàng)新和生產(chǎn)力歷史。該行業(yè)受到美國大型多樣化農(nóng)業(yè)部門的需求驅(qū)動，該部門包括玉米、大豆、小麥、棉花等作物以及牛、禽等畜牧業(yè)。

該行業(yè)的一些主要參與者包括約翰迪爾、CNH、AGCO和久保田公司等。這些公司生產(chǎn)廣泛的農(nóng)業(yè)機械和設(shè)備，包括拖拉機、聯(lián)合收割機、種植機、噴霧器和灌溉系統(tǒng)等。

該行業(yè)還取得了顯著的精準農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)進展，例如GPS引導設(shè)備和數(shù)據(jù)分析，這使農(nóng)民能夠優(yōu)化作物產(chǎn)量并減少浪費。此外，可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)實踐日益增長，這導致了對能夠幫助減少農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境影響的設(shè)備的需求增加。

總的來說，美國農(nóng)機行業(yè)是該國農(nóng)業(yè)部門的關(guān)鍵組成部分，幫助推動世界上最大、最重要的農(nóng)業(yè)市場之一的生產(chǎn)力、效率和創(chuàng)新。

The agricultural machinery industry in the United States has several advantages, including:

Technological Advancements: The industry is highly advanced in terms of technology, with a long history of innovation and productivity. This has resulted in the development of high-quality, reliable, and efficient machinery and equipment.

Strong R&D Capabilities: The industry has strong research and development capabilities, with companies investing heavily in research to develop new and improved machinery and equipment to meet the changing needs of the agricultural sector.

Diverse Product Range: The industry produces a wide range of machinery and equipment for farmers, including tractors, combines, planters, sprayers, and irrigation systems, among others.

High Productivity: The use of advanced machinery and equipment has led to high levels of productivity in the agricultural sector, helping farmers to increase their yields and reduce costs.

Large Market Size: The United States has one of the largest and most important agricultural markets in the world, providing a large customer base for the agricultural machinery industry.

Strong Supportive Infrastructure: The industry benefits from a strong supportive infrastructure, including a well-developed transportation network and access to a skilled workforce.

Overall, these advantages have helped the agricultural machinery industry in the United States to become a critical component of the country's agricultural sector, driving productivity, efficiency, and innovation in one of the world's largest and most important agricultural markets.

美國農(nóng)機行業(yè)有許多優(yōu)勢，包括：

技術(shù)先進：該行業(yè)在技術(shù)方面非常先進，具有悠久的創(chuàng)新和生產(chǎn)力歷史。這導致了高質(zhì)量、可靠和高效的機械和設(shè)備的開發(fā)。

強大的研發(fā)能力：該行業(yè)具有強大的研究和開發(fā)能力，公司投入大量的研究來開發(fā)新的和改進的機械和設(shè)備，以滿足農(nóng)業(yè)部門不斷變化的需求。

多樣化的產(chǎn)品范圍：該行業(yè)生產(chǎn)多種農(nóng)業(yè)機械和設(shè)備，包括拖拉機、聯(lián)合收割機、播種機、噴霧機和灌溉系統(tǒng)等。

高生產(chǎn)力：先進的機械和設(shè)備的使用提高了農(nóng)業(yè)部門的生產(chǎn)力水平，幫助農(nóng)民增加產(chǎn)量和降低成本。

巨大的市場規(guī)模：美國擁有全球最大和最重要的農(nóng)業(yè)市場之一，為農(nóng)機行業(yè)提供了龐大的客戶基礎(chǔ)。

強大的支持基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施：該行業(yè)受益于強大的支持基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，包括發(fā)達的運輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)和獲得技能熟練的勞動力。

總的來說，這些優(yōu)勢幫助美國的農(nóng)機行業(yè)成為該國農(nóng)業(yè)部門的關(guān)鍵組成部分，在全球最大和最重要的農(nóng)業(yè)市場之一中推動生產(chǎn)力、效率和創(chuàng)新。

The agricultural machinery industry in the United States faces several challenges, including:

High costs: Agricultural machinery and equipment can be expensive, making it difficult for smaller farms to afford and leading to increased competition within the industry.

Rapidly changing technology: Keeping up with the latest technological advancements can be a challenge, particularly for smaller companies with limited resources for research and development.

Regulatory pressures: The industry is subject to a range of regulations related to environmental concerns, safety standards, and other issues, which can add to the cost and complexity of producing agricultural machinery.

Labor shortages: The agricultural industry as a whole is facing labor shortages, which can make it difficult for companies to find and retain skilled workers to manufacture and service machinery.

Trade and economic policy uncertainty: The agricultural machinery industry is heavily dependent on international trade, and uncertainties related to trade and economic policies can create challenges for companies in terms of supply chains and market access.

美國農(nóng)機行業(yè)面臨著多重挑戰(zhàn)，包括：

高成本：農(nóng)業(yè)機械和設(shè)備成本較高，使得小型農(nóng)場難以負擔，導致行業(yè)內(nèi)競爭加劇。

技術(shù)快速更新：跟上最新技術(shù)的步伐可能是一個挑戰(zhàn)，特別是對于資源有限的小型公司來說，其研發(fā)能力有限。

監(jiān)管壓力：行業(yè)受到各種環(huán)保、安全和其他問題相關(guān)的監(jiān)管，這可能會增加農(nóng)機生產(chǎn)的成本和復雜性。

勞動力短缺：整個農(nóng)業(yè)行業(yè)都面臨勞動力短缺，這可能使得公司難以找到和留住制造和維修機械的熟練工人。

貿(mào)易和經(jīng)濟政策不確定性：農(nóng)機行業(yè)嚴重依賴國際貿(mào)易，與貿(mào)易和經(jīng)濟政策相關(guān)的不確定性可能給公司的供應(yīng)鏈和市場準入帶來挑戰(zhàn)。

The agricultural machinery industry in the United States can address its challenges through various means, including:

Investing in research and development: Companies can invest in research and development to stay ahead of rapidly changing technologies and create innovative solutions that meet the needs of farmers.

Reducing costs: Companies can work to reduce costs by improving manufacturing processes, increasing efficiency, and leveraging economies of scale to offer more affordable machinery and equipment.

Emphasizing sustainability: The industry can place greater emphasis on sustainability, developing equipment that is more environmentally friendly and promoting sustainable farming practices.

Addressing labor shortages: Companies can invest in training and development programs to help address labor shortages and ensure a skilled workforce to manufacture and service machinery.

Diversifying markets: Companies can diversify their markets, seeking out new opportunities for growth and expanding their customer base beyond the United States.

Engaging with policymakers: Industry leaders can engage with policymakers to help shape regulations that promote innovation and growth in the agricultural machinery industry.

Overall, by pursuing these strategies and others, the agricultural machinery industry in the United States can work to address its challenges and continue to drive productivity, efficiency, and innovation in the agricultural sector.

美國農(nóng)機行業(yè)可以通過多種方式應(yīng)對其面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，包括：

投資于研究和開發(fā)：公司可以投資于研究和開發(fā)，保持領(lǐng)先地位，創(chuàng)造符合農(nóng)民需求的創(chuàng)新解決方案。

降低成本：公司可以通過改進制造過程、提高效率和利用規(guī)模經(jīng)濟等方式降低成本，提供更為經(jīng)濟實惠的機械和設(shè)備。

強調(diào)可持續(xù)性：行業(yè)可以更加重視可持續(xù)性，開發(fā)更環(huán)保的設(shè)備，促進可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)實踐。

應(yīng)對勞動力短缺：公司可以投資于培訓和發(fā)展計劃，幫助應(yīng)對勞動力短缺，確保具備制造和維護機械的熟練工人。

多元化市場：公司可以多元化市場，尋找新的增長機會，擴大客戶群體，超越美國國內(nèi)市場。

與政策制定者合作：行業(yè)領(lǐng)袖可以與政策制定者合作，幫助塑造促進農(nóng)機行業(yè)創(chuàng)新和發(fā)展的法規(guī)。

總體而言，通過追求這些策略和其他策略，美國農(nóng)機行業(yè)可以應(yīng)對其挑戰(zhàn)，繼續(xù)推動農(nóng)業(yè)部門的生產(chǎn)力、效率和創(chuàng)新。